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Surgical Technique |

Reconstruction of Complex Scalp Defects:  The "Banana Peel" Revisited

John L. Frodel, MD; Karen Ahlstrom, MD
Arch Facial Plast Surg. 2004;6(1):54-60. doi:10.1001/archfaci.6.1.54.
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Published online

Objective  To demonstrate the use of multiple, large, local flaps in the reconstruction of large scalp defects.

Methods  A retrospective review of 4 cases in which the "banana peel" method of scalp reconstruction, originally described by Orticochea, was used as a method for closure of moderately large to extensive scalp defects.

Results  In all 4 cases, closure of the scalp defects was accomplished. Major morbidity included hair-bearing skin in the forehead in 1 patient, an inconsequential small flap dehiscence requiring closure in the same patient, and a partial loss of a small skin graft to a donor site defect in 1 patient.

Conclusions  While other techniques may be optimal for the management of most scalp defects, such as 1- to 2-flap rotation-advancement flaps in small to moderate-size defects and microvascular free tissue transfer and secondary tissue expansion for larger defects, we conclude that the multiple-flap reconstruction method as described by Orticochea may be useful in a small subset of patients. The latter includes older, severely debilitated patients who would be optimally treated with microvascular tissue transfer but cannot tolerate lengthy general anesthesia and young patients who will not accept a significant area of alopecia that might exist with other techniques, such as secondary intention, skin grafts, or free flaps.

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Figures

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Figure 1.

An extensive, transcranial squamous cell carcinoma on the anterior aspect of the right side of the scalp and forehead.

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Figure 2.

Computed tomographic scan showing the intracranial penetration of the tumor.

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Figure 3.

Diagrams illustrating the design of the 3 flaps used in case 1. A, Diagram depicting frontal view of planned flaps. B, Right oblique view showing flaps 1 and 2. C, Left oblique view showing flaps 1 and 3. D, Apex view.

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Figure 4.

Intraoperative photographs showing the defect (A), flap design (A, B, and C), and flaps after elevation (D).

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Figure 5.

A, Apex view of closure after flap rotation. Note the small occipital donor site skin graft. B, Closure of primary defect with the left temporal flap (flap 1). Note the small occipital donor site skin graft.

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Figure 6.

Photograph taken 1 month after reconstruction.

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Figure 7.

Interoperative view of a melanoma on the anterior aspect of the scalp.

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Figure 8.

With the patient in the prone position, the 3 flaps have been elevated. The defect can be seen at the bottom central portion of the photograph.

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Figure 9.

The flaps have been rotated and advanced, allowing complete wound closure.

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Figure 10.

An early postoperative photograph of the patient with full restoration of hair.

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